Get to know the Airplane Turbine and Here’s How It Works – The joint team successfully evacuated the turbine of the Sriwijaya Air SJ182 aircraft. What and how does this part of the plane function?
To move an airplane, there is an engine in it to move the plane in front with great power. This power is created by thrust with great pressure so that the aircraft can fly quickly.
Released from NASA’s Glenn Research Center, Tuesday (12/1/2022) all aircraft have turbine engines with the same working concept. First, the engine sucks air in front with a fan.
Then the compressor increases the air pressure. Compressors are made with a number of blades mounted on a pole. The blade rotates at high speed and compresses or squeezes the air.
The compressed air is then sprayed with fuel and an electric spark ignites the mixture. The burning gas expands and explodes through the nozzle, at the back of the engine.
When the gas bursts backwards, the engine and aircraft are pushed forward. When hot air enters the nozzle, it passes through another row of blades called turbines. The turbine is mounted on a pole similar to that of a compressor. Rotating the turbine causes the compressor to spin.
Air passes through the engine core and around the core. This causes some of the air to get really hot and some to get colder. The cooler air then combines with the hot air at the engine exit.
Gas turbine engines have developed rapidly since 1903. That was the first year that gas turbines produced enough power to keep running. The shape was worked on by Norwegian inventor Aegidus Elling and produced 11 horsepower, which was called a major feat at the time.
Today, gas turbine engines come in all kinds and sizes and most of them produce more than 11 horsepower.
Four special types of turbine engines are divided into:
The basic idea of a turbojet engine is simple. The air drawn from the bore at the front of the engine is compressed to 3 to 12 times its original pressure in the compressor. The fuel is added to the air and burned in the combustion chamber to raise the temperature of the fluid mixture to about 593° C. to 704° C..
The hot air produced is passed through a turbine, which drives a compressor. If the turbine and compressor were efficient, the pressure at the turbine discharge would be almost twice the atmospheric pressure, and this excess pressure was sent to the nozzle to produce a high-velocity gas stream that produces thrust.
The Sriwijaya Air plane that crashed was a jet. So, he also has a turbine engine for a turbojet.
A turboprop engine is a turbine engine mounted on a propeller plane. The turbine at the rear is driven by hot gases, and this rotates the shaft that drives the propellers. Some small aircraft and transport aircraft are powered by turboprops.
Like a turbojet, a turboprop engine consists of a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a turbine, the pressure of the air and gases being used to drive the turbine, which then generates power to drive the compressor.
Turbofan engines have a large fan at the front, which sucks in air. Most of the air flows around the outside of the engine, making it quieter and providing more thrust at low speeds. Most aircraft today are powered by turbofans.
In a turbojet all the air entering the intake passes through a gas generator, which consists of a compressor, combustion chamber and turbine. In a turbofan engine only part of the air enters the combustion chamber.
This is another form of gas turbine engine that operates like a turboprop system. It doesn’t move the propeller. Instead, it provides power to the helicopter’s rotors. The turboshaft engine is designed in such a way that the rotor speed of the helicopter does not depend on the rotating speed of the gas generator.
This allows the rotor speed to remain constant even when the generator speed is varied to modulate the amount of power generated.
Source: detik.com
